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Bone is living, growing tissue. Throughout life our bodies are breaking down old bone and rebuilding new bone in a continuous cycle. Bones progressively increase in density until a maximum level is reached, around age 30 years.
We gain bone by building
more than we lose. After about age 35 this balance is disturbed in everyone, with bone loss occurring at a slightly faster rate than it can be replaced. After that, bones slowly decrease in density. If the body isn't able to regulate the mineral content of bones, they become less dense and more brittle.
Bones contain minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, which make them hard and dense. To maintain bone density, the body requires an adequate supply of calcium and other minerals. Your body must also produce the proper amounts of several hormones, such as parathyroid hormone, growth hormone, calcitonin, estrogen in women, and testosterone in men.
After menopause and the loss of estrogen, the inner mesh of bones becomes thinner, weaker and more brittle over the years. But it is only when bone loss is excessive, as can be measured by a bone density scan, for example, that a person would be said to have osteoporosis.
The most common problem associated with osteoporosis is bone fractures. The bones of the wrist, spine and hip are the most likely to break. Hip fractures are the most serious as they can lead to longer-term hospitalization, permanent disability and loss of independence.
And, unfortunately, after one osteoporotic fracture, others are more likely to follow. Besides that, fractures tend to heal slowly in those who suffer with osteoporosis.
When bone density decreases to the point where bones collapse or break easily, people .develop aching bone pain and deformities. Chronic back pain may occur when vertebrae collapse (vertebral crush fractures).
Weakened vertebrae may collapse spontaneously or upon a slight impact. Usually, the pain starts suddenly, stays in a particular area of the back, and worsens with standing or walking. The area may be sore to the touch, but the soreness usually diminishes gradually after a few weeks or months. If several vertebrae break, an abnormal curvature of the spine (a dowager's hump) may develop, causing muscle strain and soreness.
Comparison of Osteoporosis Treatment
Calcium is the building block of bones. In the past, people have long relied on inorganic calcium sources like calcium carbonate and calcium citrate. However there are many problems with traditional calcium supplements: their calcium absorption rates are usually too low to be of any use, and they can promote the formation of kidney stones or stones in other organs.
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